This review presents a chronological account of chewing gum, from its early origins to its present day magnitude. The product's composition and manufacturing process are outlined in this paper. Sweeteners as substitutes for sugar are also discussed. The effect of chewing gum on dental health is reviewed from several aspects: dental caries, periodontal health, xerostomia and as a vehicle for medicaments. Gum of acacia arabica. world-wide gum usage, gum production and marketing are briefly mentioned. The literature not only supports the conclusion that "sugar-free" gums are non-cariogenic but strongly suggests that xylitol chewing gum is anticariogenic and benefit dental health while the potential cariogencity of sucrose-sweetened gums can be modified by additives or selected pattern of use. Chewing gum is a world-wide phenomenon that will most likely persist as long as human beings inhabit the earth.

Saudi Dental Journal 1999;11(1):27-34.